nhau

Pane imwe nguva, vanachiremba vaidavira kuti basa ndiro musimboti wekuzivikanwa uye zvinangwa zvehupenyu, uye kuita zvekurapa raive basa repamusoro rine pfungwa yakasimba yekutumwa. Nekudaro, kuwedzera purofiti yekutsvaga kushanda kwechipatara uye mamiriro evadzidzi veChinese mushonga vanoisa hupenyu hwavo panjodzi asi vachiwana zvishoma muCOVID-19 denda raita kuti vamwe vanachiremba vechidiki vafunge kuti tsika dzekurapa dziri kuora. Vanodavira kuti pfungwa yokutumwa chombo chokukurira vanachiremba vari muchipatara, nzira yokuvamanikidza kugamuchira mamiriro okushanda akaoma.

Austin Witt nguva pfupi yadarika akapedza kugara kwake sechiremba mukuru paDuke University. Akaona hama dzake dzichirwara nezvirwere zvepabasa zvakaita semesothelioma mubasa rekuchera marasha, uye vakatya kutsvaga nzvimbo yekushanda iri nani nekuda kwekutya kutsiva nekuda kwekuratidzira kunopesana nemamiriro ekushanda. Witt akaona kambani huru ichiimba uye ini ndakaoneka, asi handina hanya nenharaunda dzevarombo dziri shure kwayo. Sechizvarwa chekutanga mumhuri yake kuenda kuyunivhesiti, akasarudza nzira yebasa yakasiyana nemadzitateguru ake ekuchera marasha, asi akanga asingadi kutsanangura basa rake se'kudanwa'. Anotenda kuti 'izwi iri rinoshandiswa sechombo chekukunda vadzidzi - nzira yekuvamanikidza kugamuchira mamiriro ekushanda akaoma'.
Kunyangwe kuramba kwaWitt pfungwa ye“mushonga semishoni” kungabva muchiitiko chake chakasiyana, haasiye ega anotarisisa basa rebasa muhupenyu hwedu. Nekuratidzwa kwevanhu pamusoro pe "basa rinotarisa" uye kushandurwa kwezvipatara kune kushanda kwekambani, mweya wekuzvipira uyo wakambounza kugutsikana kwepfungwa kune vanachiremba uri kuwedzera kutsiviwa nekunzwa kuti "tinongova magiya pamavhiri e capitalism". Kunyanya kune vanodzidzira basa, zviri pachena kuti ibasa chete, uye zvinodikanwa zvekudzidzira zvekurapa zvinopokana nemafungiro ari kuwedzera ehupenyu huri nani.
Kunyangwe izvo zviri pamusoro zvingangove pfungwa dzega, zvine simba guru pakudzidziswa kwechizvarwa chinotevera chevanachiremba uye pakupedzisira pakutarisira murwere. Chizvarwa chedu chine mukana wekuvandudza hupenyu hwevanachiremba vekiriniki kuburikidza nekushoropodza uye nekugadzirisa hutano hwehutano hwatakashandira nesimba; Asi kushungurudzika kunogonawo kutiedza kuti tisiye mabasa edu ehunyanzvi uye zvichitungamira mukukanganisa kwehutano hwehutano. Kuti tidzivise kutenderera kwakashata uku, zvinodikanwa kuti tinzwisise kuti ndeapi masimba ari kunze kwemushonga ari kuumba patsva mafungiro evanhu nezvebasa, uye nei mushonga uchinyanya kubatwa neongororo idzi.

Kubva kumishoni kuenda kubasa?
Denda reCCIDID-19 rakakonzera nhaurirano yese yeAmerica pamusoro pekukosha kwebasa, asi kusagutsikana kwevanhu kwakabuda kare denda reCOVID-19 risati rasvika. Derek anobva kuAtlantic
Thompson akanyora chinyorwa muna Kukadzi 2019, achikurukura maitiro evaAmerican pabasa kweanoda kusvika zana, kubva pa "basa" rekutanga kusvika kune "basa" rekupedzisira kuenda ku "mission", uye kuunza "basa ism" - ndiko kuti, vepamusoro vakadzidza vanowanzo tenda kuti basa "ndiro musimboti wekuzivikanwa uye zvinangwa zvehupenyu".
Thompson anotenda kuti nzira iyi yebasa rekutsvenesa kazhinji haina kunaka. Akasuma mamiriro chaiwo echizvarwa chemireniyumu (akazvarwa pakati pa1981 na1996). Kunyangwe vabereki vechizvarwa chemucheche vachikurudzira chizvarwa chemireniyumu kutsvaga mabasa ane shungu, vakaremerwa nezvikwereti zvakakura mushure mekupedza kudzidza, uye nharaunda yebasa haina kunaka, nemabasa asina kugadzikana. Vanomanikidzwa kuita basa vasina pfungwa yekubudirira, vakaneta zuva rose, uye vachinyatsoziva kuti basa ringave risingangounzi mibayiro inofungidzirwa.
Kushanda kwemakambani kwezvipatara kunenge kwasvika pakushorwa. Pane imwe nguva, zvipatara zvaidyara mari yakawanda mudzidzo yachiremba yekugara, uye zvipatara uye vanachiremba vakazvipira kushandira mapoka anotambura. Asi mazuva ano, hutungamiriri hwezvipatara zvakawanda - kunyangwe izvo zvinonzi zvipatara zvisina purofiti - zviri kuwedzera kukoshesa kubudirira kwemari. Zvimwe zvipatara zvinoona vadzidzi vanodzidzira basa se“basa rakachipa rine ndangariro dzisina kunaka” pane kuti vanachiremba vatarisire ramangwana remishonga. Sezvo basa redzidzo richiwedzera kuzviisa pasi pezvinonyanya kukosha zvekambani sekukurumidza kuburitswa uye marekodhi ekubhadharisa, mweya wekuzvipira unobva waita kushomeka.
Nekukanganisa kwedenda, manzwiro ekushandiswa pakati pevashandi akawedzera kusimba, zvichiwedzera pfungwa dzevanhu dzekuodzwa mwoyo: nepo vadzidzisi vachishanda maawa akawanda uye vaine njodzi huru, shamwari dzavo mundima dzetekinoroji nemari dzinogona kushanda kubva kumba uye dzinowanzoita hupfumi mumatambudziko. Kunyangwe kudzidziswa kwekurapa kunogara kuchireva kunonoka kwehupfumi mukugutsikana, denda rakakonzera kuwedzera kwakanyanya mupfungwa iyi yekusaruramisira: kana iwe wakaremerwa nechikwereti, mari yako inogona kungotadza kubhadhara rendi; Iwe unoona iwo ekunze mafoto eshamwari "vachishanda kumba" pa Instagram, asi iwe unofanirwa kutora nzvimbo yeyakanyanya yekuchengeta unit yevaunoshanda navo vasipo nekuda kweCOVID-19. Iwe haugone sei kubvunza kunaka kwemamiriro ako ekushanda? Kunyange zvazvo denda rakapfuura, pfungwa iyi yokusaruramisira ichiripo. Vamwe varapi vanogara vanotenda kuti kudaidza kurapa kutumwa ndiko 'kumedza kudada kwako'.
Chero bedzi tsika dzebasa dzichibva mukudavira kuti basa rinofanira kuva rine revo, basa ravanachiremba richiri kuvimbisa kuwana gutsikano yomudzimu. Zvisinei, kune avo vanowana vimbiso iyi isina maturo, varapi vanoodza mwoyo zvikuru kupfuura mamwe mabasa. Kune vamwe vari kudzidziswa, mushonga igadziriro “yechisimba” inogona kumutsa hasha dzavo. Vanotsanangura kusaruramisira kwakapararira, kushungurudzwa kwevadzidzi, uye mafungiro evadzidzisi nevashandi vasingadi kutarisana nekusarongeka kwevanhu. Kwavari, izwi rekuti 'mishoni' rinoreva pfungwa yehunhu hwepamusoro uhwo hunyanzvi hwekurapa husati hwakunda.
Mumwe chiremba anogaramo akabvunza kuti, “Vanhu vanorevei kana vachiti mushonga ‘utumwa’? Mukati memakore ake emudzidzi wezvokurapa, akaodzwa mwoyo nekusakoshesa marwadzo erudzi rwevanhu, kubatwa zvisina kunaka kwevanhu vakasarirwa, uye tsika yekuita fungidziro dzakaipisisa pamusoro pevarwere. Panguva yaaishanda muchipatara, mumwe murwere wepajeri akabva afa. Nekuda kwemitemo, akasungwa maoko nemakumbo pamubhedha uye akagura kuonana nemhuri yake. Rufu rwake rwakaita kuti mudzidzi wezvokurapa uyu abvunze kukosha kwemushonga. Akataura kuti takatarisana nenyaya dzebiomedical, kwete kurwadziwa, uye akati, "Ini handidi kuve chikamu chechinangwa ichi.
Chinonyanya kukosha, vazhinji vanoenda kune varapi vanobvumirana nemaonero aThompson ekuti vanopikisa kushandisa basa kutsanangura kuzivikanwa kwavo. Sokutsanangura kwakaita Witt, pfungwa yenhema youtsvene mushoko rokuti 'utumwa' inoita kuti vanhu vatende kuti basa ndiro chinhu chinokosha zvikuru muupenyu hwavo. Chirevo ichi hachingoderedzi zvimwe zvakawanda zvine musoro zvehupenyu, asi chinoratidzawo kuti basa rinogona kuve tsime risina kugadzikana rekuzivikanwa. Somuenzaniso, baba vaWitt inyanzvi yemagetsi, uye pasinei nekushanda kwavo kunoshamisa pabasa, vave nemakore 8 vasingashandi mumakore 11 adarika nekuda kwekushanduka-shanduka kwemari yemubatanidzwa. Witt akati, “Vashandi vekuAmerica ndivo vashandi vanokanganikwa.
Kunyangwe ini ndichibvuma kuti corporatization ndiyo inokonzera matambudziko muhutano hwehutano, isu tichiri kuda kutarisira varwere mukati meiyo iripo system uye kurima chizvarwa chinotevera chevanachiremba. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vangaramba kunyanyoda basa, pasina mubvunzo vanotarisira kuwana vanachiremba vakanyatsodzidziswa chero nguva ivo kana mhuri dzavo pavanenge vachirwara. Saka, zvinorevei kubata vanachiremba sebasa?

nonoka

Panguva yekudzidziswa kwake kugara, Witt aitarisira mumwe murwere wechikadzi wechidiki. Kufanana nevarwere vazhinji, kuvharirwa kwake inishuwarenzi hakuna kukwana uye anorwara nezvirwere zvisingaperi, zvinoreva kuti anofanira kunwa mishonga yakawanda. Anogara ari muchipatara, uye panguva ino akapinzwa nekuda kwebilateral deep vein thrombosis uye pulmonary embolism. Akasunungurwa aine mwedzi mumwe chete apixaban. Witt akaona varwere vakawanda vachirwara neinishuwarenzi isina kukwana, saka haana chokwadi apo varwere vanoti pharmacy yakamuvimbisa kushandisa makuponi anopihwa nemakambani emishonga pasina kuvhiringidza kurapwa kwemishonga. Mumavhiki maviri aitevera, akaronga kumushanyira katatu kunze kwekiriniki yaakarongerwa yevarwere vari kunze, achitarisira kumudzivirira kuti asapinzwa muchipatara zvakare.
Nekudaro, mazuva makumi matatu mushure mekuburitswa, akatumira Witt meseji achiti apixaban yake yakanga yashandiswa; Pharmacy yakamuudza kuti imwe kutenga yaizoita $750, iyo yaaisakwanisa kuitenga zvachose. Mimwe mishonga yekudzivirira ropa yakanga isingatengeki, naizvozvo Witt akamuisa muchipatara ndokumukumbira kuchinjira kuwarfarin nokuti aiziva kuti akanga achingoverengera. Apo murwere wacho akakumbira ruregerero nokuda kwe“dambudziko” ravo, Witt akapindura, “Ndapota musaonga kuedza kwangu kukubetserai.
Witt anoona kudzidzira mushonga sebasa kwete mishoni, asi zviri pachena kuti izvi hazvidzikisi kuda kwake kusasiya chero kuedza kuvarwere. Zvakadaro, kubvunzurudza kwangu nevarapi vari kuenda, vatungamiriri vedhipatimendi redzidzo, uye vanachiremba vekiriniki vakaratidza kuti kuedza kudzivirira basa kubva mukuparadza hupenyu nekusaziva kunowedzera kuramba kune zvinodiwa zvedzidzo yekurapa.
Vadzidzisi vakati wandei vakatsanangura mafungiro akapararira e“kunyepa”, nekuwedzera kusashivirira kune zvinodiwa zvedzidzo. Vamwe vadzidzi vepreclinical havapindiri muzviitwa zveboka, uye vadzidzisi dzimwe nguva vanoramba kuongorora. Vamwe vadzidzi vanosimbirira kuti kuvada kuti vaverenge ruzivo rwevarwere kana kugadzirira misangano kunotyora mutemo wehurongwa hwebasa. Nekuda kwekuti vadzidzi havachatore chikamu muzviitwa zvekuzvipira zvebonde, vadzidzisi vabudawo muzviitiko izvi. Dzimwe nguva, apo vadzidzisi vanobata nenyaya dzekusaenda kuchikoro, vanogona kubatwa zvisina kunaka. Mumwe mutungamiriri wepurojekiti akandiudza kuti vamwe varapi vanogaramo vanoita sevanofunga kuti kusavapo kwavo pakushanyirwa kwevarwere vari kunze hakusi chinhu chikuru. Anoti, “Dai ndaiva ini, ndaizokatyamadzwa zvikuru, asi havafungi kuti inyaya yetsika dzakanaka kana kurasikirwa nemikana yekudzidza.
Kunyange zvazvo vadzidzisi vakawanda vachiziva kuti tsika dziri kuchinja, vashoma vanoda kutaura pachena. Vanhu vazhinji vanoda kuti mazita avo chaiwo avanzwe. Vanhu vazhinji vanonetsekana kuti vakaita hunyengeri hunopfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe chizvarwa - izvo zvinonzi nenyanzvi dzezvemagariro evanhu 'vana vemazuva ano' - vachitenda kuti kudzidziswa kwavo kwakakwirira kudarika kwechizvarwa chinotevera. Zvisinei, nepo vachibvuma kuti vanorovedzwa vangaziva miganhu inokosha iyo chizvarwa chakapfuura chakakundikana kunzwisisa, kunewo murangariro unopokana wokuti kuchinja mukufunga kunoparira tyisidziro kutsika dzenyanzvi. Mukuru weimwe koreji yedzidzo akatsanangura manzwiro anoita vadzidzi kuparadzaniswa nenyika chaiyo. Akataura kuti kunyangwe vachidzokera mukirasi, vamwe vadzidzi vachiri kuita sezvavanoita munyika chaiyo. Iye akati, "Vanoda kudzima kamera vosiya skrini isina chinhu." Aida kuti, “Mhoro, hausisiri paZoom
Semunyori, kunyanya mumunda usina data, chandinonyanya kunetseka ndechekuti ini ndinogona kusarudza mamwe anecdotes anonakidza kuti ndiite zvandinoda. Asi zvakandiomera kuti ndiongorore zvakadzikama musoro uyu: sechiremba wechizvarwa chechitatu, ndakaona mukukura kwangu kuti mafungiro evanhu vandinoda pakuita zvekurapa harisi basa rakawanda semararamiro. Ndichiri kutenda kuti basa rachiremba rine hutsvene. Asi handifunge kuti matambudziko aripo anoratidza kushomeka kwekuzvipira kana kugona pakati pevadzidzi vega. Semuenzaniso, patinenge tichienda kumusangano wedu wegore negore wevanoongorora zvemwoyo, ndinogara ndichifadzwa nematarenda uye zvipo zvevadzidzisi. Zvakadaro, kunyangwe matambudziko atinosangana nawo ari etsika kupfuura ega, mubvunzo unoramba uripo: shanduko yemaitiro ekubasa yatinonzwa ndeyechokwadi here?
Mubvunzo uyu wakaoma kupindura. Mushure medenda, zvinyorwa zvisingaverengeki zvichiongorora pfungwa dzevanhu zvakatsanangura zvakadzama kupera kweshuviro uye kusimuka kwe 'kunyarara kusiya'. Kurara pasi “zvinoreva kuramba kuzvipfuudza pabasa. Iyo yakawanda yemusika wevashandi data inoratidzawo maitiro aya. Semuenzaniso, ongororo yakaratidza kuti panguva yedenda, maawa ekushanda evarume vane mari yakawanda uye vakadzidza zvakanyanya akaderedzwa, uye boka iri rakanga ratoda kushanda maawa akareba. hukama uye kukanganisa hazvina kutsanangurwa Chikamu chechikonzero ndechekuti zvakaoma kutora shanduko yemanzwiro nesainzi.
Somuenzaniso,’ kurega basa chinyararire ‘kunorevei nokuda kwavanachiremba, vanodzidzira basa, uye varwere vavo? Hazvina kunaka here kuzivisa varwere mukunyarara kwehusiku kuti iyo CT report inoratidza mhedzisiro pa4 pm inogona kuratidza metastatic cancer? Ndofunga kudaro. Ko aya maitiro ekusatarisira achapfupisa here hupenyu hwevarwere? Hazvigoneki. Ko maitiro ekushanda akagadzirwa panguva yekudzidziswa anokanganisa maitiro edu ekiriniki? Chokwadi ndichadaro. Zvisinei, zvichipiwa kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa migumisiro yekiriniki zvinogona kuchinja nekufamba kwenguva, zvinenge zvisingabviri kunzwisisa hukama hwechikonzero pakati pemaitiro ekushanda kwemazuva ano uye ramangwana rekuongorora uye kurapwa kwehutano.

Kudzvinyirirwa nevezera rako
Nhamba huru yezvinyorwa yakanyora kunzwisiswa kwedu kune vatinoshanda navo maitiro ebasa. Ongororo yakaongorora kuti kuwedzera mushandi anoshanda pashifiti kunokanganisa sei kushanda kwevanotenga mari muchitoro chegirosari. Nekuda kwevatengi vanowanzochinja kubva kuzvikwata zvinononoka kuenda kune zvimwe zvikwata zvinomhanya-mhanya, kuunza mushandi anoshanda kunogona kutungamira kudambudziko re "kutasva mahara": vamwe vashandi vanogona kuderedza basa ravo. Asi vatsvakurudzi vakawana zvakasiyana: kana vashandi vepamusoro-soro vakaiswa, kushanda kwevamwe vashandi kunovandudza, asi chete kana vachigona kuona boka remushandi wepamusoro-soro. Mukuwedzera, izvi zvinonyanya kutaurwa pakati pevashandi vemari vanoziva kuti vachashanda nemushandi zvakare. Mumwe wevatsvakurudzi, Enrico Moretti, akandiudza kuti chisakiso chinogona kunge chiri kumanikidzwa kwevanhu: vanobhadhara mari vane hanya nemafungiro evezera ravo uye havadi kuongororwa zvisina kunaka kuti vane nungo.
Kunyangwe ndichifarira chaizvo kudzidziswa kwekugara, ndinowanzo kunyunyuta mukati mekuita kwese. Panguva ino, handigoni kuita kunze kwokuyeuka ndichinyara zviono apo ndakanzvenga vatungamiriri ndokuedza kudzivisa basa. Nekudaro, panguva imwe cheteyo, vanachiremba vakati wandei vekugara vandakabvunzurudza mumushumo uyu vakatsanangura maitiro matsva anosimbisa kugara zvakanaka anogona kukanganisa tsika dzehunyanzvi pamwero mukuru - izvo zvinopindirana nezvakawanikwa naMoretti. Semuyenzaniso, mudzidzi anobvuma kudiwa kwemazuva “emunhu” kana “utano hwepfungwa”, asi anoratidza kuti njodzi huru yekudzidzira mushonga ichasimudza mwero wekunyorera zororo. Akarangarira kuti akange ashanda kwenguva yakareba mukamuri inochengeterwa munhu asingarware, uye hunhu uhwu hwaitotapurirana, izvo zvakakanganisawo mukana wekukumbira kwake kuenda kwake. Akataura kuti achisundwa nevanhu vashoma vane hudyire, mhedzisiro ndeye "mujaho wepasi".
Vamwe vanhu vanodavira kuti takundikana kuita kariro dzavanachiremba vakarovedzwa nhasi munzira dzakawanda, uye vakagumisa, kuti: “Tiri kunyima vanachiremba vaduku revo youpenyu hwavo.” Ndakambokahadzika maonero aya. Asi nekufamba kwenguva, zvishoma nezvishoma ndinobvumirana nemaonero aya kuti dambudziko guru ratinofanira kugadzirisa rakafanana nemubvunzo we "huku inokandira mazai kana huku dzinokandira zai." Ko kurovedzwa kwokurapa kwave kushaikwa revo here kusvikira kutambanuko yokuti kuita kwomuzvarirwo bedzi kwavanhu kuri kuiona sebasa? Kana kuti, paunobata mushonga sebasa, rinova basa here?

Tinoshumira ani
Pandakabvunza Witt nezvemusiyano wekuzvipira kwake kuvarwere nevanoona mushonga sechinangwa chavo, akandiudza nyaya yasekuru vake. Sekuru vake vaive mubatanidzwa wemagetsi kumabvazuva kweTennessee. Mumakore ake makumi matatu, muchina muhombe pane imwe nzvimbo yekugadzira simba kwaaishanda wakaputika. Mumwe mugadziri wemagetsi akavharirwa mukati mefekitari, uye sekuru vaWitt vakamhanyira mumoto vasingazenguriri kuti vamuponese. Kunyange zvazvo vose vakapukunyuka, sekuru vaWitt vakafema chiutsi chakakura. Witt haana kuramba achifunga nezvezviito zveugamba zvasekuru vake, asi akasimbisa kuti dai sekuru vake vakafa, zvinhu zvingadai zvisina kumbosiyana zvakanyanya pakugadzirwa kwesimba kumabvazuva kweTennessee. Kune kambani, hupenyu hwasekuru hunogona kubayirwa. Sekuona kwaWitt, sekuru vake vakamhanyira mumoto kwete nemhaka yokuti rakanga riri basa rake kana kuti nemhaka yokuti vakadanwa kuti vave nyanzvi yemagetsi, asi nemhaka yokuti mumwe munhu aida rubatsiro.
Witt anewo maonero akafanana nezvebasa rake sachiremba. Akati, 'Kunyange ndikarohwa nemheni, nzanga yose yezvokurapa icharamba ichishanda nesimba.' Mafungiro aWitt emutoro, sasekuru vake, haana chekuita nekuvimbika kuchipatara kana mamiriro ebasa. Akataura semuenzaniso, kuti kune vanhu vazhinji vakamukomberedza vanoda rubatsiro mumoto. Akati, “Vimbiso yangu ndeye vanhu ivavo, kwete kuzvipatara zvinotidzvanyirira
Kupokanidzana kuri pakati pokusavimba nechipatara kwaWitt nokuzvipira kwake kuvarwere kunoratidzira chinetso chetsika. Hunhu hwekurapa hunoratidzika kunge huri kuratidza zviratidzo zvekuora, kunyanya kune chizvarwa chinonetsekana zvakanyanya nezve systemic kukanganisa. Zvisinei, kana nzira yedu yekubata nayo zvikanganiso zvehurongwa ndeyekushandura mushonga kubva pakati pedu kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo, saka varwere vedu vanogona kutambura zvakanyanya kurwadziwa. Basa rachiremba raimbonzi rakakodzera kurega nekuti upenyu hwemunhu hunokosha zvikuru. Kunyange zvazvo hurongwa hwedu hwakashandura chimiro chebasa redu, hazvina kuchinja zvido zvevarwere. Kutenda kuti 'zvazvino hazvina kunaka sekare' zvinogona kungova clich éd generational bias. Nekudaro, kungoregedza manzwiro aya ekusaziva kunogona kukonzerawo matambudziko akaenzana: kutenda kuti zvese zvakapfuura hazvina kukosha kukoshesa. Handifungi kuti ndizvo zvazviri munyaya yezvokurapa.
Chizvarwa chedu chakagamuchira rovedzo pakupera kwegadziriro yemaawa 80 yevhiki yebasa, uye vamwe vavanachiremba vedu vakuru vanodavira kuti hatifi takasvitsa mipimo yavo. Ndinoziva maonero avo nekuti vakaataura pachena uye nerudo. Musiyano wehukama hwemazuva ano hwepakati pezvizvarwa ndewekuti zvave kunetsa kukurukura pachena matambudziko edzidzo atinosangana nawo. Chaizvoizvo, kunyarara uku ndiko kwakakwezva pfungwa dzangu kune iyi nyaya. Ndinonzwisisa kuti kutenda kwachiremba mubasa ravo ndekwemunhu oga; Hapana mhinduro “yakarurama” yokuti kudzidzira mushonga ibasa here kana kuti mishoni. Chandisiri kunyatsonzwisisa ndechekuti sei ndaitya kutaura pfungwa dzangu chaidzo pandainyora chinyorwa ichi. Nei pfungwa yokuti kuzvipira kunoitwa nevanodzidzira uye vanachiremba kwakakodzera kuti ive yakashata?