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Masampula enyama anogona kuunganidzwa kubva kuvanhu vane hutano kusimudzira kufambira mberi kwekurapa?

Nzira yekuenzanisa sei pakati pezvinangwa zvesainzi, njodzi dzinogona kuitika, uye zvinofarirwa nevatori vechikamu?

Mukupindura kudanwa kwemushonga chaiwo, mamwe masayendisiti ekiriniki uye ekutanga akachinja kubva pakuongorora kuti ndeapi mapindiro akachengeteka uye anoshanda kune varwere vazhinji kuenda kune imwe nzira yakanatswa ine chinangwa chekutsvaga kurapa kwakakodzera kumurwere panguva yakakodzera. Kufambira mberi kweSainzi, kwakatanga kuverengerwa mumunda weoncology, kwakaratidza kuti makirasi ekiriniki anogona kupatsanurwa kuita molecular intrinsic phenotypes, ine nzira dzakasiyana uye mhinduro dzakasiyana dzekurapa. Kuti utsanangure maitiro emhando dzakasiyana dzemasero uye pathological entities, masayendisiti akagadzira mamepu ematishu.

Kukurudzira tsvakurudzo yechirwere cheKidney, National Institute of Diabetes uye Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) yakaita musangano muna 2017 Vakapinda vaisanganisira masayendisiti ekutanga, nephrologists, federal regulators, Institutional Review Board (IRB) zvigaro, uye zvichida kunyanya kukosha, varwere. Nhengo dzeSemina dzakakurukura kukosha kwesainzi uye kugamuchirwa kwehunhu hweitsvo biopsies muvanhu vasingavade mukuchengetwa kwekiriniki nekuti vanotakura njodzi diki asi yakajeka yerufu. Nzira dzemazuva ano dze "omics" (mamolecular tsvakurudzo nzira dzakadai se genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, uye metabolomics) inogona kushandiswa pakuongorora matishu kuti ijekese nzira dzechirwere dzaisazivikanwa uye kuona zvingangonangwa zvekupindira kwezvinodhaka. Vatori vechikamu vakabvumirana kuti itsvo biopsies inogamuchirwa chete nechinangwa chekutsvagisa, chero ichingogumira kune vanhu vakuru vanopa mvumo, vanonzwisisa njodzi uye vasina zvavanofarira ivo pachavo, kuti ruzivo rwakawanikwa runoshandiswa kuvandudza hutano hwemurwere uye ruzivo rwesainzi, uye kuti dare rekuongorora, IRB, rinotendera chidzidzo.

Kutevera kurudziro iyi, munaGunyana 2017, iyo NIDDK-inotsigirwa nemari yeKidney Precision Medicine Project (KPMP) yakagadzira nzvimbo nhanhatu dzekutsvaga kuti dzitore matishu kubva kuvarwere vane chirwere cheitsvo avo vaive vasina chiratidzo chekiriniki biopsy. Zvose zve156 biopsies zvakaitwa mumakore mashanu ekutanga ekudzidza, kusanganisira 42 kune varwere vane kukuvara kwakanyanya kwetsvo uye 114 kune varwere vane chirwere chisingaperi chetsvo. Hapana kufa kwakaitika, uye matambudziko anosanganisira kubuda ropa kwechiratidzo uye asymptomatic aienderana neakatsanangurwa mumabhuku uye mafomu ekubvumidza kudzidza.

Tsvagiridzo yeOmics inomutsa mubvunzo wakakosha wesainzi: Ko matishu anounganidzwa kubva kuvarwere vane chirwere anoenzaniswa ne "zvakajairika" uye "reference" tishu? Uyu mubvunzo wesainzi unosimudza mubvunzo wakakosha wetsika: Zvinotenderwa here kutora matishu sampuli kubva kune vane hutano vanozvipira kuti vakwanise kuenzaniswa nemasampula enyama yevarwere? Uyu mubvunzo haungogumiri pakutsvaga kwechirwere cheitsvo. Kuunganidza hutano hwekutarisa tishu kune mukana wekusimudzira tsvakiridzo mumhando dzakasiyana dzezvirwere. Asi njodzi dzine chekuita nekuunganidza matishu kubva kunhengo dzakasiyana dzinosiyana zvichienderana nekuwanikwa kwenyama.