Muna 2024, hondo yepasi rose yekurwisa hutachiwana hweHIV (human immunodeficiency virus) yave nekukwira nekudzika kwayo. Huwandu hwevanhu vari kuwana mishonga yemaAntiretroviral therapy (ART) nekuwana kudzvanywa kwehutachiona huri pamusoro-soro. Rufu rweAIDS ndirwo rwakaderera zvikurusa mumakumi maviri amakore. Zvakadaro, zvisinei nezviri kuitika izvi zvinokurudzira, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS) yekupedza HIV senjodzi yehutano hweveruzhinji panosvika gore ra2030 haisi mugwara. Zvinosuruvarisa, denda reAIDS riri kuramba richipararira pakati pevamwe vanhu. Maererano neshumo reUNAIDS 2024 World AIDS Day, United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), nyika pfumbamwe dzakatozadzikisa zvinangwa zve “95-95-95″” panosvika 2025 zvinotarisirwa kupedza denda reAIDS panosvika 2030, uye dzimwe gumi dziri munzira kuita izvi. muna 2023. Kuedza kudzivirira mune dzimwe nzvimbo kwakarasikirwa nesimba uye kunoda kudzokororwa kudzoreredza kuderera.
Kudzivirirwa kweMukondombera kunobudirira kunoda musanganiswa wemaitiro, maitiro ezvehutano, uye maitiro, kusanganisira kushandiswa kweART kudzvanyirira utachiona, kushandisa makondomu, zvirongwa zvekutsinhana tsono, dzidzo, nekuvandudzwa kwemitemo. Kushandiswa kweoral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) kwakaderedza utachiona hutsva mune vamwe vanhu, asi PrEP yakakonzera zvishoma kumadzimai nevasikana vechidiki vari kumabvazuva nekuchamhembe kweAfrica vanotarisana nemutoro mukuru weHIV. Kudikanwa kwekushanyirwa kukiriniki nguva dzose uye mishonga yezuva nezuva kunogona kunyadzisa uye kusagadzikana. Madzimai mazhinji anotya kuzivisa mashandisirwo ePrEP kune vavanodanana navo, uye kuoma kwekuhwanda mapiritsi kunomisa kushandisa PrEP. Muedzo unokosha wakabudiswa gore rino wakaratidza kuti majekiseni maviri e-subcutaneous eHIV-1 capsid inhibitor lenacapavir pagore akashanda zvakanyanya mukudzivirira kutapukirwa kweHIV muvakadzi nevasikana muSouth Africa neUganda (0 zviitiko pamakore zana evanhu; Chiitiko chemazuva ose emumuromo emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil disoproxil fumarate yaiva 9 uye 1001-1001 munhu / makore 2.011. Muyedzo yevarume vecisgender uye vanhu vakasiyana-siyana mumakondinendi mana, Lenacapavir yakapihwa kaviri pagore yakave nemhedzisiro yakafanana.
Zvakadaro, kana kurapwa kwenguva refu kwekudzivirira kuri kuderedza zvakanyanya kutapukirwa kutsva kweHIV, kunofanirwa kunge kuchikwanisika uye kunowanikwa kune vanhu vari panjodzi huru. Giriyedhi, inogadzira lenacapavir, yakasaina zvibvumirano nemakambani matanhatu ari kuEgypt, India, Pakistan neUnited States kuti atengese mageneric version eLenacapavir munyika zana nemakumi maviri-nepasi-nepakati. Zvichimirira zuva rekushanda kwechibvumirano, Gilead ichapa lenacapavir nemutengo we zero purofiti kunyika gumi nesere dzine mutoro mukuru weHIV. Kuramba uchiisa mari mumatanho akabatanidzwa ekudzivirira kwakakosha, asi pane zvimwe zvinonetsa. Homwe yeAmerica yePresident's Emergency Fund for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) neGlobal Fund ndidzo dziri kutarisirwa kutenga zvikuru chirongwa cheLenacapavir. Asi muna Kurume, mari yePEPFAR yakatenderwazve kwegore rimwe chete, kwete mashanu emazuva ese, uye ichada kuvandudzwa nehutungamiri hwaVaTrump huri kuuya. Global Fund ichasanganawo nematambudziko emari apo inopinda muchikamu chayo chekuzadzazve muna 2025.
Muna 2023, hutachiwana hutsva hweHIV muAfrica yekumaodzanyemba kweSahara huchabatwa nemamwe matunhu kekutanga, kunyanya Eastern Europe, Central Asia neLatin America. Kunze kwe sub-Saharan Africa, utachiona hutsva huzhinji hunoitika pakati pevarume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume, vanhu vanobaya majekiseni ezvinodhaka, vanoita zvepabonde nevatengi vavo. Mune dzimwe nyika dzeLatin America, utachiona hutsva hweHIV huri kuwedzera. Zvinosuruvarisa, oral PrEP yave ichinonoka kuita; Kuwana zvirinani kumishonga yekudzivirira yenguva refu kwakakosha. Nyika dzepamusoro-soro dzine mari yepakati dzakaita sePeru, Brazil, Mexico, neEcuador, dzisingakodzere kuwana generic shanduro dzeLenacapavir uye dzisingakodzere kubatsirwa neGlobal Fund, hadzina zvekushandisa kutenga full-price lenacapavir (inosvika madhora zviuru makumi mana nemana pagore, asi isingasviki $100 yekugadzira ruzhinji). Sarudzo yeGiriyedhi yekubvisa nyika zhinji dzine mari yepakati pazvibvumirano zvekupa marezinesi, kunyanya idzo dzakapinda mukuedza kweLenacapavir uye kutangazve kweHIV, zvingarwadza.
Pasinei nekubudirira kwehutano, vanhu vakakosha vanoramba vachitarisana nekutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu, rusarura, rusarura, mitemo yekuranga nemitemo. Mitemo iyi nezvisungo zvinokonesa vanhu kutora chikamu mumabasa eHIV. Kunyange hazvo huwandu hwendufu dzeAIDS hwadzikira kubva muna 2010, vanhu vazhinji vachiri padanho repamusoro reAIDS, izvo zviri kuita kuti vafe zvisina basa. Kufambira mberi kwesayenzi kwoga hakuzovi kwakakwana kubvisa HIV setyisidziro youtano hwevanhu; iyi isarudzo yezvematongerwo enyika neyemari. Nzira yakanangana nekodzero dzevanhu inosanganisa mhinduro dzebiomedical, hunhu uye zvimiro inodiwa kumisa denda reHIV/AIDS zvachose.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-04-2025